Candidate kinases include members of the Dual-Specificity Tyrosine-Phosphorylation-Regulated Kinase (DYRK) family, which have been shown to positively and negatively modify HH signaling and to have oncogenic functions in solid cancers known to be associated with HH/GLI signaling including pancreatic cancer [33]. The gene discussed is DYRK1A; the disease is pancreatic neoplasm.