MAPK signaling has been implicated in the transcription of various proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., eotaxin-1, MCP-1, and IL-8) and adhesion molecules (e.g., ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) [48, 49], which contribute to a worsened airway inflammation. The gene discussed is VCAM1; the disease is inflammatory response.