Due to the importance of KLK3 expression in prostate cancer, a number of REs have already been described for its promoter, including Sp1/Sp3 [161] and WT1 transcription factor-binding sites [162], a putative p53 RE [163], an XBE (X-factor-binding element that binds specifically to the NF-kappaB p65 subunit) in the AREc (androgen response element enhancer core) [164], and androgen-responsive elements (AREs), the last of which were also present in the KLK2 promoter (reviewed by [127, 165]). Here, KLK3 is linked to Familial prostate cancer.