PDCD4 and atherosclerosis: Increasing evidence demonstrates that macrophage autophagy has important roles in atherosclerosis.32 To investigate the influence of PDCD4 on macrophage autophagy induced by toxic lipid, peritoneal macrophages from wild-type (WT) and Pdcd4 knockout (pdcd4−/−) mice were stimulated with atherosclerosis-related stimulator, ox-LDL, for 24 and 48 h, and then autophagy level was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence staining.