PDCD1 and neoplasm: This finding suggested that PD-L1/PD-1 pathway contributed to only a little role on the effect of prognosis in various interplay anti-tumor immune mechanisms, including the mediation of Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β), Macrophage Chemoattractive Protein 1 (MCP-1), Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and Fas Receptor (FasR)/Ligand (FasL) pathway [37].