TLR4 and gastric cancer: It has been recently shown that a polymorphism in the promoter sequence of TLR2 and a TLR4 variant allele are involved in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastric cancer [33, 34].In addition, a polymorphism in the TLR10-TLR1-TLR6 gene cluster is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer [35], and functional TLR4 expression in vivo is known to be responsible for LPS-induced thrombocytopenia [36].