TNF and Hyperglycemia: Hyperglycemia is associated with increased production of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which can bind to their receptors present on the surface of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages, resulting in activation of NF-κB which can enhance INF-γ transcription in T cells and IL-6 and TNF-α transcription in diabetic glomerulus [23–25].