Sitagliptin therapy (100 mg daily for 6 weeks) reduced serum concentrations of the inflammatory markers CRP, IL-6, IL-18 and reduced concentrations of the soluble cell adhesion proteins, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and E-selectin (molecules involved in the development of atherosclerosis) in patients with T2DM. The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is atherosclerosis.