In a phase III double-blinded study conducted by Long et al [68], 423 patients with unresectable stage IIIC or stage IV melanoma with BRAF V600E/K mutation were randomized to receive the combination of oral BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib and MEK inhibitor trametinib (n = 211) (combination therapy group) or dabrafenib and placebo (n = 212) (dabrafenib group). The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is melanoma.