In a phase II randomized clinical trial study by Hodi et al [71], 245 patients with stage III or IV melanoma with at least one prior therapy were randomized to receive CTLA-4 blockade with ipilimumab and GM-CSF secreting tumor vaccine sargramostim (n = 123) or ipilimumab (n = 122) alone. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is neoplasm.