Our previous studies have shown that L5 from patients with diabetes mellitus or hyperlipidemia inhibits endothelial cell eNOS phosphorylation via LOX-1.49 In the present study, we also showed that L5 but not L1 from HD patients suppressed eNOS activation through a LOX-1 and Akt signaling pathway. Here, NOS3 is linked to hyperlipidemia.