TJP1 and infection: Application of the KU60019 also prevented infection-dependent barrier dysfunction, as demonstrated by the lack of a decline in TEER (Fig 3B), no significant dissociation of the tight junction protein Zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) [37], and no loss of cilia (β-tubulin IV expression) (Fig 3C), which were all observed in the vehicle (DMSO) treated HBoV1-infected group (Fig 3B and 3C).