AHR and chronic asthma: However, as with the ES4 treatment, the increase in MZ-like Bregs in the ES3d48 group suggests induction of Bregs to be an acute response to ES-62 (and its SMAs) in AHR, that acts to reset the homeostatic balance of inflammation and its resolution that is defective in chronic asthma, either in terms of the levels or functionality of Bregs48, 49, 56.