The recent observation that the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway based on vagus nerve activity regulates macrophage and dendritic cell responses in the spleen through alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (a7nAChR) signaling and IBD patients have dysautonomia with decreased vagus nerve activity, dendritic cell and T cell over-activation [21] can also be attributed to alterations in the production of lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins. This evidence concerns the gene CD59 and inflammatory bowel disease.