Since SO2 and pyruvate were generated equimolar from L-cysteine catalyzed by AAT, we next observed the effects of 100 μM SO2 derivatives (Na2SO3/NaHSO3, 3:1 mole ratios) and 100 μM ethyl pyruvate on the collagen remodeling induced by AAT deficiency. The gene discussed is SERPINA1; the disease is alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.