Immuno-cytostaining detection analysis revealed that treatment of cells with honokiol resulted in increased expression levels of p47phox proteins in melanoma cells compared to non-honokiol-treated control cells (shown in red), while the staining intensity of p22phox protein, shown in green, was reduced or diminished compared to non-honokiol-treated control cells (Figure 5C). Here, NCF1 is linked to melanoma.