For example, miR-23 and miR-203 have been shown to enhance radiosensitivity by targeting IL8/Stat3 and IL8/AKT signalling pathway, respectively in nasopharyngeal carcinoma [24,25]; miR-205 has been reported to function as a tumour radiosensitizer by inhibiting DNA repair pathway via down-regulation of ZEB1 and Ubc13 in breast cancer cells [26]; miR-15a/16 can enhance radiation sensitivity of NSCLC cells by targeting the TLR1/NF-κB signalling pathway [27]. Here, UBE2N is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.