To assess effects of RPE in PQ-induced lung fibrosis, we measured miR-21 and FSTL1 gene expression with real-time PCR and p-p38MAPK, NF-kB65, p-Smad2/3 and MMP-9 protein expression with western blotting in lung tissue from mice on day 14 after PQ challenge. This evidence concerns the gene SMAD2 and pulmonary fibrosis.