Two mutations were detected in most (71 %) of subjects with biochemically determined deficiency, particularly the 202G → A and the 376A → G, defining together the variant G6PD A-202A/376G, widely distributed in Africa where it seems to confer resistance to falciparum malaria [19, 36], and identified under other names in Spain, Mexico, Italy, and many other parts of the world [12, 37]. This evidence concerns the gene G6PD and Plasmodium falciparum malaria.