Previous studies of CaSm upregulation in a breast cell line demonstrated similar results with altered expression of genes associated with apoptosis, mitogen-activated protein kinase and transforming growth factor-β signaling pathways.15 Interestingly, there is no overlap comparing individual genes between the two studies,15 possibly due to the limited focus of our study or due to differences in expression between breast and pancreatic cancer cells. This evidence concerns the gene WNK2 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.