It is interesting to note that in both patient-based arrays, CaSm expression correlated with SerpinB5; whereas this contradicts the inverse relation identified through the microarray, SerpinB5 is commonly upregulated in pancreatic cancers,40 although known to be absent or downregulated in human breast, prostate and gastric cancers,41 indicating that, in addition to CaSm, other cancer-related pathways are likely involved in regulating expression of SerpinB5 in human pancreatic cancer. This evidence concerns the gene LSM1 and pancreatic neoplasm.