In multiple regression analysis of potential determinants for the metabolites, chosen to reflect nutritional status (SGA>1, plasma albumin), DM and renal function in the total CKD cohort, mGFR was the most dominant variable for TMAO (β = -0.41, p<0.001), choline (β = -0.38, p<0.001), and betaine (β = 0.45, p<0.001) levels, respectively (Table 2). The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is chronic kidney disease.