This was somewhat surprising since the activated macrophages/microglial cells and astrocytes, which were reported to be as the major source of CXCL12 in the inflamed CNS of MS patients [3, 11, 45] and in the cuprizone-induced model of demyelination [8, 9, 46] are abolished during the EAE recovery phase. The gene discussed is CXCL12; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.