Through an in vitro ischemia model, we have previously discovered that glucose-, oxygen- and serum-deprivation (GOSD) can stimulate the protein expression of Leptin, cyclooxygenase -2 (COX-2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ), PPARαand interlukin-1β(IL-1β) and the release of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide from neurons to protect themselves from GOSD-induced cell death [3, 4]. Here, PTGS2 is linked to ischemia.