Finally, because MIF expression is noted to be elevated in ccRCC, including in RCC4 and 786-O cells used here, due to inactivation of the VHL tumor suppressor and subsequent hyperactivation of the HIF transcription factors [17], we next asked whether constitutive activation of HIF had an impact on MIF secretion. The gene discussed is VHL; the disease is nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.