2010) and is induced during feeding and insulin resistance by fatty acids and other regulators of lipogenesis (Huang et al. 2010; Dongiovanni et al. 2013). The rs738409 missense variation specifically is assumed to promote triglyceride accumulation through relative inhibition of triglyceride hydrolysis (He et al. 2010). An understanding of the theoretical pathophysiology behind NAFLD illustrates how PNPLA3's function is consistent with a theoretical role in the progression of the disease. This evidence concerns the gene PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.