S100A8 and MALT lymphoma: The delivered CagA induces the activation and stimulation of B cells (mediated by intracellular SHP-2 and phosphorylation of ERK and P38 MAPK), and could initiate the first step of transformation, also upregulating anti-apoptotic proteins BCl-2 and BCl-XL.44 Moreover, Kuo and colleagues have demonstrated the presence of the bacterial protein CagA inside malignant B cells of MALT lymphoma and that those patients tend to respond faster to HP eradication.45