In neurodegenerative diseases, recent studies have revealed that several disease-related proteins (TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43), fused in sarcoma (FUS), ataxin-2, survival of motor neuron (SMN) and so on) can associate with SGs, and that SG marker proteins colocalize with pathological inclusion bodies in the patients' brain tissues47, 48, 49. Here, ATXN2 is linked to neurodegenerative disease.