Considering the HCV-induced insulin resistance, the PTDM-related clinical complications and the presumable HCV-related potentiation of adverse glycemic TAC-effects, our findings on a significant amelioration of glucose-stimulated insulin sensitivity and overall glucose tolerance as well as the improvement of insulin secretion following a TAC-to-CyA-conversion suggest that HCV-positive RTRs may substantially benefit from CyA-based immunosuppressive regimens. Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.