The expression of 17 of the 20 TF genes was more significantly altered in non-Bt parent in response to BPH feeding, whereas that of three TF genes was only significantly altered in Bt rice, including the MYB (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog), TCP (Teosinte branched1/Cycloidea/ Proliferating cell factor 1) and bHLH (basic Helix-Loop-Helix) family TF genes (Figure 1; Supplementary Table S3). Here, TF is linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia.