Exosomes derived from astrocytes and motor neurons also showed a key role in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) disease based on studies demonstrating the efficient transfer of mutant and misfolded copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) to other cells, reason why exosomes are now suggested as targets to modulate ALS disease (Basso et al., 2013; Grad et al., 2014). The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.