Two previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses of various prognostic biomarkers in OAC have included an analysis of TP53 mutations.56, 57 Both studies reported similar significant negative effect estimates on patient survival with two57 and five56 primary studies in their respective analyses, but did not consider potential confounders such as tumour stage or TP53 mutation analysis methods. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is neoplasm.