TNF and Hepatic fibrosis: To be noted, we showed that the treatment with IL-9 significantly reduced plasma levels and liver expression of IL-9, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, IL-6 and TNF-α in a fibrotic mouse model, which suggested that anti-IL-9Ab inhibited the responses to liver fibrosis through modulating the release of the cytokines including TGF- β1, IL-6 and TNF-α.