CXCL12 and breast carcinoma: Its ligand, SDF1, has been described as highly expressed in metastatic sites, such as the lung, lymph nodes, and liver, and has been correlated with grade and prognosis in renal cell and breast carcinoma.32,33 The prognostic value of high levels of VEGF has been demonstrated in multiple solid tumors and is associated with metastasis in CRC.34 In addition, VEGF levels have been reported to predict survival in patients with carcinomatosis arising from several malignancies.35–37