Loss of cell surface E-cadherin is an established marker of EMT, and although strong membranous expression of E-cadherin was seen in all drug-naïve tumours, loss of E-cadherin in the resistant tumours was associated with the conversion to a spindle cell morphology (Fig. 4A-D), with the resistant tumours that had not undergone the morphological change retaining expression of E-cadherin (Fig. 4I-L). This evidence concerns the gene CDH1 and neoplasm.