Other most representatively mapped KEGG pathways, such as signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, pathways in cancer and the hippo signaling pathway were mostly related to some ligands in the pathways, involving von Willebrand factor (VWF), EGF, IGF, bone morphogenetic protein 2/4 (BMP4), and wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 1 (Wnt1). Here, BMP4 is linked to cancer.