In HAM/TSP patients, there is a predominance of Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ) and a reduction in Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10), this is likely to cause greater circulation of immune cells between peripheral blood and the central nervous system (CNS), leading to inflammation of the nervous tissue [29,30,31]. The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is tropical spastic paraparesis.