CVD and AD share many risk factors, including APOE ε4 [102, 141]; diabetes mellitus [139]; atrial fibrillation [38, 123]; ‘non-Mediterranean’ diet [87]; hyperhomocysteinaemia [92]; midlife hypertension, obesity and hypercholesterolaemia [30, 104, 160]; and, of course, age. This evidence concerns the gene APOE and Alzheimer disease.