CX3CL1 appeared to promote retinal angiogenesis in mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) [14], CX3CL1 levels are increased in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy [14] and CD11b+ cells in the retina of diabetic mice have increased CX3R1 expression [15]. Here, CX3CL1 is linked to proliferative diabetic retinopathy.