TOR1A and Dystonia: DCN neurons also had neuropathology in rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism specimens (ATP1A3) (Oblak et al., 2014), and they are the source of the cerebello-thalamo-cortical tracts that show alterations in TOR1A, THAP1, and ATP1A3 dystonia patients by diffusion tensor imaging (Argyelan et al., 2009; Lehéricy et al., 2013; Whitlow et al., 2012).