In a Phase III, parallel-group, randomized, double-blind trial in drug-naïve patients with T2DM (EMPA-REG MONOTM), empagliflozin 10 mg and 25 mg and the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin 100 mg given as monotherapy for 24 weeks were well tolerated and improved glycaemic control. Here, DPP4 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.