In addition, we performed double immunohistochemistry staining of TRPV1 and CD4 and found that TRPV1 co-localized in CD4+T cells and that CD4+TRPV1+ inflammatory cells were more frequently observed in allergic rhinitis patients than in control subjects, suggesting the possibility that TRPV1 represents a therapeutic target in allergic rhinitis. This evidence concerns the gene TRPV1 and allergic rhinitis.