ESR1 and breast cancer: Several pomegranate products and phytochemicals inhibited the growth of both estrogen receptor-positive (MCF-7 and BT-474) and -negative (MB-MDA-231) breast carcinoma cell lines (30–35), mammary organ culture (36), MMTV-Wnt-1 mouse mammary cancer stem cells (37), suppressed the motility and invasion of aggressive breast cancer cells, e.g., MDA-231 and SUM 149 (38), and stimulated adhesion and inhibited the migration and chemotaxis (reminiscent of metastatic behavior) of MCF-7 and MDA-231 cells (39).