They measured urinary levels of few novel biomarkers (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), interleukin-18 (IL-18), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and cystatin C) pre- and postoperatively in infants younger than 6 months of age to predict outcomes following congenital heart surgery. This evidence concerns the gene HAVCR1 and benign neoplasm.