Thus, some reports have described a favorable effect of G-CSF priming in favorable and the intermediate risk AML patients, without clinical benefit in patients with unfavorable cytogenetics [6, 7].In contrast, other studies have failed to show a clinical effect of priming strategies, although these conflicting results must be due in part to different patient inclusion criteria, disease status and treatment administered [8, 9]. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3 and acute myeloid leukemia.