Diabetic conditions [45] on this spectrum include latent autoimmune diabetes in adulthood (LADA or type 1.5 diabetes) where pancreatic B cell auto-antibodies are identified de novo in subjects older than 35 or alternatively children who suffer from ‘double diabetes’ [46] because they are obese and insulin-resistant (and in T2DM) but also demonstrate an auto-antibody profile similar to T1DM (Fig. 3). Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.