VGLL3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: To test if promoter methylation of LBH and VGLL3 determines their context-specific TGF-β-dependent transcriptional regulation, BTICs were treated with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) prior to TGF-β stimulation, which resulted in reduction of overall methylation levels at these loci in HCC-1954 (Figures S4F and S4G).