CDH1 and infection: Among the upregulated miRNAs during infection (Fig 2), miR-9 induces EMT by directly targeting the mRNA encoding E-cadherin [8]; its ectopic expression induced EMT in human mammary epithelial cells, and a sponge-trapping miR-9 consisting of multiple copies of a specific sequence complementary to miR-9 caused a reduction of invasiveness of a breast cancer cell line, certifying miR-9 as an EMT inducer and oncogenic miRNA [26,27].