The skin infection site is the most likely cellular source of these IL‐10 inducing signals as it undergoes substantial changes after percutaneous exposure to infective cercariae including the influx of different immune cells (e.g. dendritic cells (DC), macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils and CD3+ CD4+ T cells) 13, the proliferation of nonhaematopoietic cells (such as keratinocytes 4, 14) and major changes in the dermal cytokine environment 4, 14. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and skin infection.