TNF and malaria: Using network analysis, it has been demonstrated that patientswith asymptomatic P. vivaxmalaria have an overall reduction inpro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IFN-γ, IL-6) and markers of tissue damage (ALT, AST,creatinine, bilirubin, and others) and augmented levels of regulatory cytokines (TGF-βand IL-10) when compared with those of the symptomatic groups (mild and severe malaria)(Mendonça et al. 2013).