HP and malaria: Furthermore,molecules involved in the haem detoxification pathway (such as haptoglobin and haemeoxygenase-1) and iron metabolism (ferritin and activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase)have emerged in recent years as potential biomarkers and thus are helping to unravelthe immune response underlying asymptomatic Plasmodium infection.The acquisition of large data sets and the use of robust statistical tools, includingnetwork analysis, associated with well-designed malaria studies will likely helpelucidate the immune mechanisms responsible for asymptomatic infection.