An increased TNF concentration is associated withsymptoms of mild malarial pathogenesis (i.e., fever) as well as severe forms ofinfection, such as cerebral malaria (Kwiatkowski et al.1990, Karunaweera et al. 1992).However, TNF-α has also been associated with the presence of potent antiparasiticactivity as persistently elevated levels of this cytokine lead to rapid improvement offever and reduction of parasitaemia (Mordmüller et al.1997, Depinay et al. 2011). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and cerebral malaria.