NOVA1 and breast carcinoma: A small number of recent studies show the presence of the FOXP3-miR-146a/b-NF-κB axis in breast cancer or prostate cancer, although such studies focus on cancer cells and direct binding between miR-146a and FOXP3.[31, 32] From these findings, however, it could be suggested that increased miR-146b-5p may be involved in the suppression of FOXP3-positive Tregs directly or indirectly through NOVA1 dysregulation or other signaling pathways.