Clinical evidence has proved that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker act on lowering blood pressure, decreasing proteinuria, and retarding CKD progression; however, the effectiveness is not found in every CKD patient, especially in non-dialysis patients with stage 5 CKD, or in cases of hyperkalemia or acute kidney injury. The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is chronic kidney disease.